![]() The norm of a matrix may be thought of as its magnitude or length because it is a nonnegative number. This produces the solution using Gaussian elimination, without explicitly forming the inverse. A better way, from the standpoint of both execution time and numerical accuracy, is to use the matrix backslash operator x Ab. For example, a trivial distance that has no equivalent norm is d( A, A) = 0 and d( A, B) = 1 if A ≠ B. One way to solve the equation is with x inv (A)b. An exception is when you take the dot product of a complex vector with itself. In general, the dot product of two complex vectors is also complex. However, not all distance functions have a corresponding norm. The result is a complex scalar since A and B are complex. Once a norm is defined, it is the most natural way of measure distance between two matrices A and B as d( A, B) = ‖ A − B‖ = ‖ B − A‖. Since the set of all matrices admits the operation of multiplication in addition to the basic operation of addition (which is included in the definition of vector spaces), it is natural to require that matrix norm satisfies the special property: Triangle inequality: ‖ A + B‖ ≤ ‖ A‖ + ‖ B‖. Homogeneity: ‖ k A‖ = | k| ‖ A‖ for arbitrary scalar k. Is a function from a real or complex vector space to the nonnegative real numbers that satisfies the following conditions: In order to determine how close two matrices are, and in order to define the convergence of sequences of matrices, a special concept of matrix norm is employed, with notation \( \| \|. The set ℳ m,n of all m × n matrices under the field of either real or complex numbers is a vector space of dimension m Introduction to Linear Algebra with Mathematica Glossary This picks out the second row of the matrix: In 2. You can use all the standard Wolfram Language list manipulation operations on matrices. Return to the main page for the second course APMA0340 Matrices in the Wolfram Language are represented as lists of lists. Return to the main page for the first course APMA0330 Request detail Finding the worst case (most error pron target point) Calculating error-free. Return to Mathematica tutorial for the second course APMA0340 Engineering & Matlab and Mathematica Projects for 2 - 8. Return to Mathematica tutorial for the first course APMA0330 Return to computing page for the second course APMA0340 ![]() Convolution (Matrix Multiplication) Follow 47 views (last 30 days) Show older comments. ![]() Return to computing page for the first course APMA0330 How I want to mutliply one matrix in such way that, For eg, Given a 5x5 Matrix, And another 3x3 Matrix. Laplace equation in spherical coordinates.Numerical solutions of Laplace equation.Laplace equation in infinite semi-stripe.Boundary Value Problems for heat equation.Part VI: Partial Differential Equations.Part III: Non-linear Systems of Ordinary Differential Equations.Part II: Linear Systems of Ordinary Differential Equations.A 1, A 2, is used to select a matrix (not a matrix entry) from a collection of matrices. To determine the structure of and select the appropriate algorithm, MATLAB follows this precedence: For sparse matrices, to see information about choice of algorithm and storage allocation, set the spumoni 1. depends upon the structure of the coefficient matrix. The entry in row i, column j of matrix A is indicated by ( A) ij, A ij or a ij. Arithmetic Operators + - / (MATLAB Functions) (x+iy). Index notation is often the clearest way to express definitions, and is used as standard in the literature. a and entries of vectors and matrices are italic (they are numbers from a field), e.g. This article will use the following notational conventions: matrices are represented by capital letters in bold, e.g. Ĭomputing matrix products is a central operation in all computational applications of linear algebra. Matrix multiplication is thus a basic tool of linear algebra, and as such has numerous applications in many areas of mathematics, as well as in applied mathematics, statistics, physics, economics, and engineering. Matrix multiplication was first described by the French mathematician Jacques Philippe Marie Binet in 1812, to represent the composition of linear maps that are represented by matrices. ![]() The product of matrices A and B is denoted as AB. The resulting matrix, known as the matrix product, has the number of rows of the first and the number of columns of the second matrix. For matrix multiplication, the number of columns in the first matrix must be equal to the number of rows in the second matrix. In mathematics, particularly in linear algebra, matrix multiplication is a binary operation that produces a matrix from two matrices. The result matrix has the number of rows of the first and the number of columns of the second matrix. Mathematical operation in linear algebra For matrix multiplication, the number of columns in the first matrix must be equal to the number of rows in the second matrix.
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Having a track that sounds super wide is great, but if you’re constantly pushing your track to the edges of the stereo spectrum then you might not be achieving your goal in the best way possible. Let’s look at two ways Flume contrasts the sections in Never Be Like You. If both the ‘build-up’ and the ‘climax’ have very similar technical properties, then your listeners won’t notice much of a difference. For that to happen the sections have to contrast. Listeners want to have that moment where the track builds and climaxes. Big Entrance: Verse vs DropĪ great song often has a chorus that comes in with an epic entrance. The best test is to monitor your mix in mono through one speaker, if you’ve done a good job the balance will be similar. To avoid phase cancellation issues, I recommend that you mix your low-end fairly mono and make sure you use quality stereo widening plugins and techniques. It’s important to make sure your track translates to mono well, especially if your track will be played in a club (where audio is almost always output in mono). ![]() ![]() The bass becomes exceptionally weak and the main synth also sounds quite different. You can hear this for yourself if you listen to Never Be Like You in Mono. The red in LEVELS shows that phase cancellation is going to affect the tonal balance of your track in mono. Check out the image below of LEVELS highlighting the width of the low end. Having analyzed a lot of mixes, I’ve discovered that most producers add a touch of stereo width to the bass to give it some separation from the kick, however, Flume took this a little too far in my opinion. Try peppering in some unpredictability to your panning and stereo placement to add some novelty. What can we learn from this? When there is a frequency conflict in your mix, utilize the stereo width to add separation and clarity. This spices things up when listeners are used to hearing channels positioned statically in a mix. There are a number of snares, hi-hats and percussive elements that jump in and out of the mix in an unpredictable way. The bass is actually positioned fairly wide in the mix and the kick is totally mono.Ī notable characteristic of the mix is the panning of the percussive elements. This minimizes the conflict between the two channels. The ‘Vocals’ and the ‘Main Huge Synth’ occupy very similar frequencies, however, the ‘Vocal’ is positioned right down the middle in mono and the ‘Synth’ is spread super wide. There is a little bit of overlap as is expected in any mix, but each element has its own place. Take a look at the stereo separation infographic below. With the next song just a click away, it’s important to grab your listeners attention and keep it from start to finish. Too many layers can make a mix sound bloated and ends up confusing the listener. A production with lots of instruments battling for the listener’s attention can often lead to the listener losing the will to stay focussed. What can we learn from this? When we’re producing and mixing, often it’s better to use fewer sounds rather than adding layer upon layer to your mix. Just having these four elements makes it easy for the listener to stay engaged with the music. ‘Never Be Like You’ is dominated by just a few main elements the bass, drums, a synth, and the vocals. Keeping The Arrangement Simpleįlume makes the track easy to digest by keeping the arrangement (choice and number of instruments) minimal. ![]() ![]() Once the listener is pulled in, how does the track keep their focus? Read on to find out. Why? Because it’s so different and unique. When the listener hears the instantly recognizable high-pitched fastpaced “Never Be Like You” vocal, it grabs their attention. This creates an easy-to-digest foundation upon which the vocal can add more complex and unusual melodies. For example, the chord progression is relentlessly simple: C, Dm, F, repeated all the way through. Why was ‘Never Be Like You’ so successful? How did it manage to get so many radio plays and still maintain it’s artistic credibility? The songwriting and production have a great balance of simplicity with novelty injected at the perfect points. We can then use these techniques to help guide our decisions to get great results in the studio. In this post, I’ll be decoding the mix of ‘Never Be Like You’ to see what we can learn from Flume’s approach to making music. 4 years later he released his second album ‘Skin’ which won the best Dance/Electronic album at the 2017 Grammy Awards. The lead single on this incredible album was ‘Never Be Like You’. 0 Likes Decoding The Mix – Flume: Never Be Like Youįlume ascended to stardom at the age of 21 when his debut self-titled album topped the ARIA album charts and reached double-platinum. ![]() It cost about £5,000 and the quality wasn’t the best if you look back at them now. Of course twelve years ago there were no GoPro cameras and so we had to use quite a large Sony camera taped to the tank. So I sat down with some friends and we agreed to make a video that was completely real and to make it as crazy as possible, I think we achieved that with the first movie. Although I have to tell you that everything they did was fake! The police in the videos were fake, the speeds were fake, it was all set up. The main reason behind ‘Ghostrider’ was because of this Swedish car film called ‘Getaway in Stockholm’. In the end there was such a demand for a follow up that we ended up making a sequel and then a third a fourth and so on. Ghostrider: It all started back in 2002 with ‘Ghostrider – The Final Ride’ which seems like an odd title to use seeing as it was our first video, the truth is there was only ever meant to be one film and nothing more.īack then the internet was really exploding with popularity and our video spread like wildfire. SuperBike: What was your inspiration to start making the Ghostrider movies? His films have been big underground hits, with the crazy road riding, police chases and high-speed stunts cheering up thousands of bikers for years. ![]() Widely rumoured to be Patrik Fürstenhoff plus his mates, the black-clad stunt rider did the Top Gear ‘Stig’ thing early on, and keeps his identity under wraps. A great bike.Based in Sweden, Ghostrider’s been making films about high-speed road rides for more than a decade. In the end I gave an extra $200 and rode it home and for 17,000 more miles. I got some advice from Dave Roper when he heard what was up. I made you an offer, that's it.Īnd it went on and on ,Sal trying to get deeper in my pocket,me saying nope. He got Sal on the phone and Sal says ,"You got to pay more,the bike is like new." Nope says I ,It's got 3000 miles,it's a used bike. The truck driver hemmed and hawwed and tried to get me to offer more. I dug deep and offered $7000, which was about 3 times more than I'd ever paid for a bike before. So I asked "How much?" and got the, Make an offer ,thing. The "truck driver" as Sal, who I talked to on the phone later, refered to him, said "It's for sale, you know". It was the first one I'd seen in person, after reading all I could find about them in magazines.Īnyway, Ghost was sponsering Nancy Del'goto in the 883 Sportster class and they had sent the Ducati along in hopes of someone like me falling for it. I went to Vintage Days in 1991 and one of the first things I saw in the pits was this. I believe this is Sonny on his CZ in a race at Fishkill NY. ![]() I believe Mickey won the 500 support class at Unadilla in 1979. On the left is well know retired pro MX racer Mickey Kessler. Here is Sonny again (60 years old and looks great). Here is a photo of Sal and Sonny taken at the 2013 Unadilla MX rewind where Sonny was recognized as one of the Legends of Motocross. Sonny must be there too, perhaps to the right of Barry? I'm just not sure. The guy in the red Ghost shirt, just under the flag, I think that may well be a very young Barry Higgins. That is Roger Decoster in the Ghost shirt and Joel Robert to his right. Now have a look at these two chaps in yellow. Ghost may have also sponsored Barry Higgins early in his career. If I remember correctly, Sonny had top finishes in many nationals in about the 1972 season on a CZ. And I believe Sonny Defeo (Sal's son) won the very first AMA sanctioned national motocross race. Ghost was also very involved in the early days of motocross. My buddy bought his used cb400F there around 1979 or so. Ghost Motorcycles was a happening place on 1970's L.I. ![]() ![]() Nickelodeon Kart Racers 3: Slime Speedway The Garfield Show: Threat of the Space Lasagna ![]() Deze week? 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That declaration stated that the bonus was a single, voluntary, social payment, revocable at any time and restricted to Christmas each year, the payment of which did not create any future right as regards the reason for, or the amount, method of payment or composition of, the bonus. ![]() To be eligible for the bonus, employees were required to sign a declaration indicating their consent to the terms on which the bonus would be paid to them. (3)Ĥ The national court states in its order for reference that, on 1 December in preceding years, the defendant had awarded all his employees a Christmas bonus amounting to one month's salary. During that period, she receives a `parenting allowance' paid by the State, the amount of which varies according to the beneficiary's income. ![]() On the following day, she started a period of parenting leave which will continue until her daughter, who was born on 12 July 1996, reaches the age of three. Her maternity leave began on 16 May and ended on 6 September. In 1996, she worked from 1 January to approximately mid-April. Mrs Lewen seeks payment of a Christmas bonus for 1996 in the amount of DM 5 500, which the defendant refuses to pay her apparently on the grounds that she took maternity leave during that year and, at the time when the bonus was paid, she was on parenting leave in order to take care of her daughter.ģ From 1 October 1990 to 6 September 1996, Mrs Lewen worked as a dental technician for the defendant, who also employs men, at a monthly salary of DM 5 500 before tax for a 39 1/4 hours. Reference for a preliminary ruling: Arbeitsgericht Gelsenkirchen - Germany.Įqual pay for male and female workers - Entitlement to a Christmas bonus - Parental leave and maternity leave.ġ The Arbeitsgericht (Labour Court), Gelsenkirchen (Germany), has referred to the Court under Article 177 of the EC Treaty three questions on the interpretation of Article 119 of the Treaty, Article 11(2) of Directive 92/85/EEC (1) (hereinafter `Directive 92/85') and Clause 2(6) of the framework agreement on parental leave, as implemented by Directive 96/34/EC (2) (hereinafter `Directive 96/34'), the latter not yet having been transposed into national law at the time when the order for reference was made.Ģ Those questions on the interpretation of Community law have arisen in the course of proceedings pending before the national court between Susanne Lewen, as plaintiff, and her employer, Lothar Denda, the owner of the undertaking Denda Zahntechnik in Gelsenkirchen, as defendant. Opinion of Mr Advocate General Ruiz-Jarabo Colomer delivered on 4 March 1999. ![]() # Equal pay for male and female workers - Entitlement to a Christmas bonus - Parental leave and maternity leave. # Reference for a preliminary ruling: Arbeitsgericht Gelsenkirchen - Germany. ![]() Apple has that Shot on iPhone billboard campaign, and the iPhone Photography Awards contest. Many companies releasing premium phones justify their $1,000 or more prices with the beautiful photographs they say you could take. Richard Peterson/CNET Does the Surface Duo have a camera? The Surface Duo's individual screens are thinner than an iPad Air. Still, it wouldn't say how many folds the Surface Duo could last through, except that the company expects the hinge mechanism to last beyond the Surface Duo's own natural lifecycle. ![]() Microsoft preemptively said folding test robots don't simulate real life usage the same way its own labs do. When we put the new Motorla Razr through FoldBot's paces last year, that device didn't make it to 28,000 folds. (Although we're just starting to learn how people use foldingĪnd that could change with the different designs companies are inventing). That was much less than the 200,000 folds we estimated it would go through during five years of use. The Samsung Galaxy Fold began failing after about 120,000 folds during our test last year. We've tested a few folding devices at CNET using a special robot developed by SquareTrade. The company's also delayed until at least 2021, if not longer. But that device, which brings together two 9-inch screens likely wouldn't fit in your pocket as easily as the Surface Duo. ![]() That's because it'll be powered by Windows 10X, a variant designed for dual-screen PCs. Its larger cousin, the Surface Neo, will run many of the same apps your computer has today. That's one of the tradeoffs Microsoft had to make when building this device. The Surface Duo runs Microsoft apps, including Office, Teams and Outlook, but it doesn't run the same software as your computer. until I get hamstrung by popping the keyboard up in one window or another and trying to either thumb-swipe or flip the phone and type." Will the Surface Duo run Windows apps like my PC? I try Slack and Gmail, which work together fine. That also means more apps may eventually be programmed for the Surface Duo as a result.īut in his review, Scott Stein ran into several app issues, for example, he says, "The laggy feel of my review Duo and its early software, plus the weird interface, make navigation a serious challenge. The company said that it's working with Google to integrate some of the software it developed for the Surface Duo back into Android so other two-screen devices in the future will benefit from Microsoft's work. When you swipe your finger across the screen, an animated page follows along. Kindle book reading app, which was designed to look like a book with text on the left and right. They could also be programmed to open new links or companion apps in the opposite screen you're looking at. For apps built with the second screen in mind, they can be designed to "span" across the two screens, meaning an email app could have your inbox on the left and opened messages on the right. Microsoft made a point of showing us that standard Android apps run on the device just fine, thanks to its two screens being the equivalent of two standard phone displays. Richard Peterson/CNET How well do apps run in the phone? We got to peer inside the Surface Duo, beneath the screens, to see how it works. ![]() ![]() Unlike cirrus clouds, which look similar but form in the high troposphere, noctilucent clouds appear near the polar regions in the thin, frigid air of the mesosphere, some 53 miles (85 kilometers) above sea level. Noctilucent clouds are wispy, high-altitude collections of ice crystals best viewed when the sun is between 6 and 16 degrees below the horizon, according to the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). Related: Planets align over the 'White City' in twilight photo of Tel Aviv In fact, some features are best viewed and photographed before full dark, like city skylines and noctilucent clouds. (Image credit: Moonshot11 via Getty Images)Įven though the night sky isn't at its absolute darkest during astronomical twilight, plenty of photographers find it a good time to take pictures of the heavens. ![]() Noctilucent clouds are interesting skywatching targets during astronomical twilight. How do astrophotographers handle astronomical twilight? During nautical twilight, wrote the NWS, sailors could both see the horizon and pick out recognizable stars at the same time, leading to reliable readings and a better idea of where they were headed in a featureless sea.Ĭivil twilight describes the time just after sunset, before the sun reaches 6 degrees below the horizon, or just before sunrise when the sun is above 6 degrees below the horizon. According to the NWS, its name describes its use in navigation at sea. Nautical twilight occurs before astronomical twilight in the evening and before astronomical twilight in the morning when the sun's geometric center is between 6 and 12 degrees below the horizon. Together, astronomical, nautical and civil twilight describe the time between sunset and full dark, and between full dark and sunrise. (Image credit: TWCARLSON/WIKIPEDIA/CC BY-SA 3.0.)Īstronomical twilight is the darkest of the three types of twilight. There are three types of twilight, depending on where the sun is in relation to the horizon. What's the difference between astronomical, nautical and civil twilight? Time and Date's sun calculator gives exact time intervals for astronomical twilight for any location on a given date.The calculator from Cambridge in Colour provides the time that the sun reaches 18 degrees below the horizon anywhere on Earth - the after-dusk end or pre-dawn beginning of astronomical twilight.The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) hosts a calculator that will give the exact time of sunset and sunrise anywhere on Earth, but you may have to use NOAA's data to calculate astronomical twilight yourself.gives the exact start and end times of astronomical twilight for any location on a given date.If you're curious about astronomical twilight in your area, you can use one of several different calculators to find out when it will occur: In fact, according to a 1931 paper published in the journal Geographical Review, all three twilight conditions (civil, nautical and astronomical) take no longer than 2 hours and 11 minutes at the equator on the equinox. That's because the Earth spins at a slight angle compared to the plane of its orbit around the sun, creating the planet's seasons - during winter in the northern hemisphere, the north pole is angled away from the sun, so the sun lingers between 12 and 18 degrees below the horizon for a long time.Īt the equator, however, astronomical twilight is a much shorter period. ![]() However, astronomers wait for truly dark skies to observe galaxies, nebulas and anything else that creates diffuse and tricky-to-spot light sources.įor example, in winter close to the north pole, astronomical twilight can last for weeks, spanning from late October to mid-November and returning once again in January, wrote astronomer Joe Rao for. In higher latitudes, rare formations called noctilucent clouds are sometimes visible against a dark twilight sky. For casual observers and those in urban or suburban areas, the sky may appear fully dark, and viewers can get a good look at objects like planets and stars that appear as a bright point of light. When the sun is at or above 12 degrees below the horizon, it's no longer astronomical twilight.ĭuring astronomical twilight in an area without light pollution, the horizon disappears from view and even the dimmer planets and some less visible stars can be spotted with the naked eye, according to the NWS. Astronomical twilight generally happens twice each day: It begins in the morning before dawn or ends in the evening after sunset when the geometric center of the sun is 18 degrees below the horizon, according to the National Weather Service (NWS). ![]() It can take many forms: the text inside the body of your job application email, a filled out website form, or a standalone document. Your cover letter is a one-page document that you attach to your resume as part of your job application. Use Kickresume's AI resume writer which will generate a relevant work experience section for a specific job title. ![]()
![]() IT ALSO MAKES YOU LIABLE TO US FOR ALL PENALTIES, FINES, FORFEITURES, LIENS AND RECOVERY AND STORAGE COSTS, INCLUDING ALL RELATED LEGAL EXPENSES, FEES AND COSTS THAT WE MAY INCUR. A VIOLATION OF THIS PARAGRAPH, WILL AUTOMATICALLY TERMINATE YOUR RENTAL, AND IS AN EXCLUSION TO AND VOIDS ALL LIABILITY PROTECTION AND ANY OPTIONAL SERVICES THAT YOU HAVE ACCEPTED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LIABILITY PROTECTION, SUPPLEMENTAL LIABILITY INSURANCE, PERSONAL ACCIDENTINSURANCE, CARGO PROTECTION, EXTENDED ROADSIDE ASSISTANCE, OPTIONAL PHYSICAL DAMAGE WAIVER, LIMITED DAMAGE WAIVER OR COMMERCIAL DAMAGE WAIVER. PROHIBITED USE OF TRUCK: Certain uses of the truck and other things you or an Authorized Additional Driver may do, or fail to do will violate this agreement. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED BY LAW, WE WILL NOT BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR ANY PUNITIVE, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, CONSEQUENTIAL OR COMPENSATORY DAMAGES IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT OR IN CONNECTION WITH US FURNISHING THE TRUCK TO YOU, OR ITS PERFORMANCE OR USE OF THIS RENTAL.Ĥ. THIS INCLUDES, AMONG OTHER THINGS, THE CONDITION OF THE TRUCK, OR THE TRUCK’S MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE. YOU AGREE THAT WE MAKE NO EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY AS TO ANY MATTER WHATSOEVER. It has no apparent defects except as may be noted on our Vehicle Damage Inspection form. It is in good and useable condition and fit for your rental purposes. TRUCK CONDITION, NO WARRANTIES: You have inspected the Truck. If any provision of this agreement is ruled by a court of competent jurisdiction to violate any applicable law, then that provision will not be enforced to the extent of such ruling but the remainder of this agreement will remain in effect.ģ. By signing the Rental Document you agree to all the terms and conditions of this agreement. Your copy of this agreement should be carried in the truck at all times during the rental. You also agree that you are not our agent for any purpose. Any change in this agreement or our rights must be in writing and signed by an authorized Budget Truck Rental, LLC officer. ![]() It is the entire agreement between us concerning this rental. AGREEMENT: These terms and conditions, the Rental Document signed by you, any other supplemental Budget forms or brochures attached to, or included with, the Rental Document, and a return record with computed rental charges together constitute the rental agreement between you and us. The terms “we”, “us” and “our” refer to Budget Truck Rental, LLC.Ģ. The terms “you” and “your”, refer to the person who signs the Rental Document. You are not, nor is any driver of the Truck, an agent, servant, or employee of us for any purpose whatsoever. ![]() You acknowledge that the Truck is owned by us that you have no authority to sublease or transfer the Truck and that any attempt to do so is void and constitutes a breach of this agreement. You agree that this rental is solely a bailment for mutual benefit. Such property is sometimes separately referred to in this agreement as “Towing Equipment”. Such property may include a tow dolly, car carrier, auto transport equipment or other towing devices provided by us under this agreement at additional charge. RENTAL: You rent from us the vehicle and other property and accessories listed on the Rental Document (collectively the “Truck”). THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS CONTAIN A BINDING ARBITRATION CLAUSE AND CLASS ACTION WAIVER THAT IMPACT YOUR RIGHTS ABOUT HOW TO RESOLVE DISPUTES. ![]() Kindergarten teachers – take a moment to think about your intervention groups. – Source: National Assessment of Educational Progress. They are at or below the 40th percentile for their age group. 38% of all fourth-grade students are “below basic” reading skills.One in five students, or 15-20% of the population, has a language-based learning disability.Literally everyone! Originally, the Orton-Gillingham approach (which dates back to the early 20th century) was used to help teach students with Dyslexia and other language-based learning issues. Who needs a Science of Reading Curriculum? These include the earliest stages of spoken language to being able to successfully decode unfamiliar words. Contributions, research, and insights from developmental psychologists, educational psychologists, cognitive scientists, and cognitive neuroscience experts, and more have come together to share the methods that best help children learn to read. Science of Reading encompasses a comprehensive collection of scientific knowledge. Additionally, I have undergone extensive training in the Orton-Gillingham Approach or Structured Literacy. I have linked a few books towards the end of this post that has helped me in my journey into the Science of Reading. I would like to encourage you to do some research as well. These include comprehension skills, phonics skills, phonemic awareness skills, and language structure that is needed for students to become fluent readers.įirst of all, I’m a practitioner, not a scientist, but I do love to read the science of reading research that is out there. The science of reading provides a lesson structure that includes the best practices that are suggested for reading foundational skills. I will also give you an idea of what a science of reading lesson plan can look like. I’m going to give you the juice on structured literacy when it comes to the science of reading. Tools, such as MRI’s help pinpoint what happens in the brains of efficient readers and more importantly, what happens in the brains of readers who struggle. Whew! I am thankful I was not walking the planet in the 1800’s. After all, if science did not advance, we would still be bloodletting for the common cold. Here is the deal with science, it is ever-evolving. Carbs are the devil, healthy carbs are the answer. It feels a wee bit like diets… right? Fats are bad… fats are good. ![]() If you have been teaching for a few years, I am sure you have felt the pendulum swing of instructional approaches. However, it is really everything BUT a trend! It feels like it is brand new, but it has been around for decades. The Science of Reading Lesson Approach or the Orton-Gillingham Approach to instruction feels like a trend or a fad. What Does a Science of Reading Lesson Plan Look Like? |
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